\textit{De re} language, \textit{de re} eliminability, and the essential limits of both (Q1366763)

This paper makes a contribution to the investigation of the conditions under which there exists a truth-preserving translation from de re-formulas to de dicto-formulas. The results of this paper show that, in a sense that is made precise, the conditions under which such translations exist are conditions under which no objects have essences, or only fairly trivial ones (such as self-identity). The findings of this paper are related to results that were obtained, in a slightly different setting, by \textit{K. Fine} in 1978 [ibid. 7, 277-306 (1978; Zbl 0409.03007)].