Inequalities for two-point Padé approximants to the expansions of Stieltjes functions in a real domain (Q1370794)

The authors consider two-point approximation at \(0\) and \(\infty\) to the Stieltjes function of the type \[ F(x) = Cx + \int_{0}^{+\infty} \frac{d \gamma(u)}{1+xu}, \] where \(\gamma\) is a distribution on \([0,+\infty)\) with finite moments. The two-point Padé approximant \([N/M]_k\) is a rational function whose numerator and denominator are of degree at most \(N\) and \(M\), respectively. It satisfies the following property: the first \(k\) coefficients of the (formal) expansion of \([N/M]_k\) at \(x=\infty\) match those of \(F\), and the coincidence of the first terms of the formal expansions of \([N/M]_k\) and \(F\) at \(x=0\) is the highest possible in the corresponding class of rational functions. For \(k \geq 0\) fixed, the authors study the sequences \([M/M]_k\) and \([M+1/M]_k\), \(M \in {\mathbb N}\) and \(x \geq 0\). By reducing the situation to the one-point approximation (\(k=0\)) and using the well-known connection of Padé approximants with the continued fractions, some inequalities involving succeeding terms of these sequences and their limits as \(M \to \infty\) are proved. In particular, it is shown that, as in the one-point case, they form monotone sequences (cf. \textit{A. Bultheel, P. Gonzalez-Vera} and \textit{R. Orive} [J. Comput. Appl. Math. 65, 57-72 (1995; Zbl 0847.41015)], where analogous results are obtained). Numerical examples are produced.