Characterizing isochronous centres by Lie brackets (Q1374845)

The author shows that if \(x=0\) is a center rest point for a system \[ x'=V(x),x\in{\mathbb{R}}^2, \] then this center is isochronous if and only if there exists a neighborhood \(U\) of the origin and a system \[ x'=W(x),x\in U, \] such that the flows of these systems commute on \(U\) and are transverse on \(U\setminus\{0\}\). It should be noted that the proof of the sufficiency follows from [\textit{M. Villarini}, Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl. 19, No. 8, 787-803 (1992; Zbl 0769.34033)].