Some remarkable lines of triangles in real normed spaces and characterizations of inner product structures (Q1376586)

Let \(E\) be a normed linear space over \(\mathbb{R}\) with \(\dim E\geq 2\). Applying the properties of the function \(\rho_+:E \times E\to R\) defined by \[ \rho_+(x,y) =\lim_{t\to 0+} {\| x+t y\|^2- \| x\|^2 \over 2t} \] the authors consider the concept of generalized height \(h(x,y)\) and bisectrix \(b(x,y)\) of the triangle with vertices \(0,x,y\) in normed space. Using the well-known formulas for height and bisectix in the triangle the authors obtain a collection of new characterizations of inner product spaces. In particular, \((E,\|\;\|)\) is an inner product space if and only if \[ \bigl\| h(x,y) \bigr\| ={2\over \| x-y\|} \sqrt {s\bigl( s-\| x\| \bigr) \bigl(s- \| y\| \bigr) \bigl(s-\| x-y \|\bigr)}, \] where \(s= (\| x\| +\| y\| +\| x-y \|)/2\), for all independent vectors \(x\), \(y\in E\). However, if \((E,\|\;\|)\) is strictly convex, then \(E\) is an inner product space if and only if for all independent \(x,y\) in \(E\) \[ \bigl\| b(x,y) \bigr\| ={2\over\| x\| +\| y\|} \sqrt{ \| x\| \| y\| s\bigl( s-\| y\| \bigr)}. \]