Quadratic pencil of Schrödinger operators with spectral singularities: Discrete spectrum and principal functions (Q1378698)

Let \(L(\lambda)\) be the Schrödinger operator generated in \(L_2(\mathbb{R}_+)\), \[ L(\lambda)\equiv-{d^2y\over dx^2}+ [V(x)+ 2\lambda U(x)- \lambda^2] y= 0, \] \(x\in\mathbb{R}_+\equiv [0,\infty)\) and the boundary condition \(y(0)= 0\). \(U\) and \(V\) are complex valued functions and \(U\) is absolutely continuous in each finite subinterval of \(\mathbb{R}_+\). The authors show that \(L(\lambda)\) has a finite number of eigenvalues and spectral singularities with finite multiplicities, under the conditions \[ \sup_{0\leq x<\infty} \Biggl\{\exp\varepsilon\sqrt x\cdot \Biggl[| V(x)|+ \Biggl|{dU(x)\over dx}\Biggr| \Biggr]\Biggr\},\quad \varepsilon> 0 \] and \(\lim_{x\to\infty} U(x)= 0\). Properties of the principal functions corresponding to the eigenvalues and the spectral singularities of \(L(\lambda)\) are obtained. The special case of the Klein-Gordon operator \([V(x)= -U^2(x)]\) is also discussed. The result obtained is to some extent an improvement of existing results.