Āryabhaṭa's rule and table for sine-differences (Q1379994)

This paper gives both a new interpretation of Āryabhaṭa's rule for sine-differences prescribed in the second chapter of his Āryabhaṭīya (AD 499/510) one of the oldest astronomical texts in India, and a hypothesis about the origin of his table of sine-differences given in the first chapter of the same work. The new translation is based on the interpretation of Nīlakaṇṭha (b. 1444). The author remarks: Nīlakaṇṭha's interpretation is not only precise from the points of view of Sanskrit grammar and mathematics, but also offers us a key to solving the problem of origin of Āryabhaṭa's table of sine-differences.