Some qualitative properties of the solutions of an elliptic equation via Morse theory (Q1382800)

The author considers the problem \[ -\Delta u + \frac{1}{\varepsilon} F' (u) = 0 \quad \text{in }\Omega,\qquad\frac{\partial u}{\partial \nu} = 0 \quad \text{in }\partial \Omega, \] where \(\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^N\) is regular open bounded domain, \(\varepsilon > 0\) is a real parameter and \(F\) is a smooth even function (having a subcritical growth) such that \(0\) is a local maximum for \(F\), \(F(0)=1\), \(F\) vanishes at (and only at) \(1\) and \(-1\) and strictly convex for \(u\geq 1\). Such equations are used to model some phase transition problem. Using a variant of the Morse theory developed by \textit{V. Benci} and \textit{F. Giannoni} [C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Ser. I 315, 883-888 (1992; Zbl 0768.58010)] the author proved the existence of critical points of the energy functional for the problem. Apart from giving multiplicity results the author proves that critical points \(u_\varepsilon\) of the energy functional tend to concentrate their values ``outside zero'' as \(\varepsilon \to 0\).