Weak limits of Riemannian metrics in surfaces with integral curvature bound (Q1384667)

Let \({\mathcal G}(\Omega)\) be the set of all smooth Riemannian metrics defined on a domain \(\Omega\) of a surface. Any two metrics \(g_1,g_2\) in \(\mathcal G\) are said to be conformally equivalent, written \(g_1\sim g_2\), if they are related under multiplication by a smooth, positive function. One defines the curvature energy function and area function of \(g\) by \(K(g,\Omega)=\int_\Omega K^2_g dg\) and \(A(g,\Omega)=\int_\Omega dg\), respectively, where \(K_g\) is the scalar curvature, and one sets for some generic constants \(C_1\) and \(C_2\) \[ {\mathcal S} (g_0, C_1, C_2, \Omega)=\{g\in{\mathcal G}(\Omega)\mid g\sim g_0, A(g,\Omega)= C_1\}. \] The author then presents the following two inquiries on this functional space \(\mathcal S\): What is the set of its cluster points? When can we conclude that there should be at least one limit? The results of the detailed investigation found here may be summarized as follows: there is a subsequence of \(\{g_n\}\) converging weakly to \(f_0\) on \(\Omega\) with a number of points \(p_i\) deleted. There is a positive amount of energy and area concentration at \(p_i\). At each \(p_i\) one normalizes the sequence of Riemannian metrics in \(S^2\) and calls this metric a ``bubble'' metric. The final ``limit'' of the subsequence is then a disjoint union of these bubble metrics, and each ``limit'' has the property that if it vanishes at a point, then it vanishes everywhere in \(\Omega\).