Consequences of the meromorphic equivalence of standard matrix differential equations (Q1385202)

The paper is extremely well written giving a very complete and comprehensive review for each section. Then it goes on to clearly prove the results. It begins with a definition of a meromorphic differential equation \[ X'(z)= A(z) X(z),\tag{1} \] where \(A(z)\) can be expanded in a convergent Laurent series in a neighborhood of infinity with finite singular part and \(X(z)\) denotes a fundamental solution matrix of order \(n\times n\) with \(n\geq 2\). Then \(X(z)\) is replaced by \(T(z)Y(t)\) where \(T\) is a meromorphic transformation (i.e. \(T\) and \(T^{-1}\) are meromorphic at infinity) where \(Y(z)\) is a fundamental solution for \(B= T^{-1}AT- T^{-1}T'\). \(A\) and \(B\) are then said to be meromorphically equivalent. Details surrounding this connection are carefully studied in the following sections. The main goal of the paper shows that these standard equations are the simplest possible whereby they carry the smallest number of parameters within their equivalence classes. It shows how the connection coefficients depend on the parameters. It is in the sense of an algebraic dependence, the author carefully examines the concept of precise algebraic functions and how they arise in this milieu. The parameter spaces are examined with precise formulae giving their dimensions. This is an excellent result and it is extended to subclasses of standard equations which are obtained by fixing the formal invariants. Further results are given surrounding this central theme. The paper concludes with extending and transferring all results to meromorphically equivalent equations. This result returns to investigations on equations contained in expression (1).