Normal boundary problems for the first order differential equation (Q1385852)

The authors consider first-order differential operators of the form \[ l(u)= iu'(t)+ Au(t),\quad 0\leq a\leq t\leq b\leq \infty, \] where \(A\) is an unbounded closed linear operator densely defined in a Hilbert space \(H\) such that \(D(A)= D(A^*)\) and \(\| Af\|= \| A^* f\|\) for any \(f\in D(A)\). The real and imaginary parts of \(A\) are supposed to be positive definite. The main aim is to establish a constructive description of all normal extensions of the minimal operator \(L_0\) (generated by \(l(u)\)) in terms of boundary conditions when the interval \([a,b]\) is finite. Some spectral properties of these extensions are given. As to the case of semi-infinite interval, the authors prove that the minimal operator has no nontrivial extension. The results are expressed in nine theorems whose proofs are not given.