New index formulas as a meromorphic generalization of the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet theorem (Q1386547)

In this letter, the authors derive the two following formulae connecting the topological characteristics of Riemann and separated-type Klein surfaces with integrals of some analytical densities on them: \[ \chi (M_0)+\deg {\widetilde D}= \int_{M_0} g{d{\bar z}dz\over 2 \pi i} \exp \left(-{| f'|^2\over g}\right) \left({1\over 2} K-{1\over g^2}| \nabla_z f'|^2\right), \] \[ \text{ind} (f'|_P:P\to \varphi(R))={1\over 2\sqrt{\pi}}\int_P \sqrt{g} dx {1\over g} (\nabla_z f'+\overline{\nabla_zf'}) \exp\left(-{| f'|^2\over g}\right). \] In the first (second) formula \(f(z)\) is a general meromorphic function on a compact Riemann surface (dianalytic double for a Klein surface of separated type) \(M_0\), \(g\) is a Kähler metric on \(M_0\), Euclidean at infinities in poles of the function \(f(z)\), \(K\) is a curvature and \(\widetilde D\) is a divisor of poles of the form \(\partial f(z)\), \(\chi (M_0)\) is the Euler characteristic of \(M_0\). In the second formula, \(\text{ind}(f'|_P:P\to \varphi(R))\) is the topological index of the map \(f'|_P\) of the stationary ovals \(P\) of the Klein surface on \(\varphi(R)\) -- the image of the real axis under back stereographic projection \(\varphi\) on a Riemann sphere.