Existence of curves of genus three on a product of two elliptic curves (Q1389879)

Let \(m\) be 0 or a square free positive integer and put \(K=\mathbb{Q} (\sqrt {-m})\). Let \({\mathfrak o}\) be the principal order of \(K\). When \(m=0\), we understand that \(K\) and \({\mathfrak o}\) coincide with \(\mathbb{Q}\) and \(\mathbb{Z}\), respectively. Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve with the ring of endomorphisms isomorphic to \({\mathfrak o}\) and let \(A\) be the abelian surface \(E \times E\). Similarly as \textit{T. Hayashida} and \textit{M. Nishi} [Natur. Sci. Rep. Ochanomizu Univ. 16, 49-57 (1965; Zbl 0156.41201)] we feel an interest to know whether there is a smooth curve of genus 3 on \(A\). Theorem 1. If \(m\neq 0\) and \(\neq 3\), then there exists a smooth curve of genus 3 on \(A\). On the contrary if \(m=0\) or 3, then there exists no such curve. We feel an interest to find the degree of irrationality of an abelian surface [cf. \textit{H. Tokunaga} and \textit{H. Yoshihara}, J. Algebra 174, No. 3, 1111-121 (1995; Zbl 0837.14009)]. As a corollary of this theorem we obtain the following. Theorem 2. If \(E\) has complex multiplications, then the degree of irrationality of \(E\times E\) is 3. Moreover we want to know whether there are infinitely many smooth curves of genus 3 on \(A\). Theorem 3. If an abelian surface \(B\) contains a smooth curve of genus 3, then it contains infinitely many such curves modulo birational equivalence. Hence in case \(m\neq 0\) and \(\neq 3\), \(E\times E\) contains infinitely many smooth curves of genus 3.