Compactification of two dimensions in general relativity (Q1398097)

The authors study some properties of the space-time manifolds which are topologically equivalent to a product manifold \(M_2\times S^2\), where \(M_2\) is a two-dimensional non-compact manifold of signature zero. Such a space-time is necessarily spherically symmetric. The compact submanifold homeomorphic to \(S^2\) is chosen to be a very small sphere. Choosing an anisotropic fluid as the particular physical model, it is proved that very large mass density and tension provide the mechanism of compactification. In case the transverse pressure is chosen to be zero, the corresponding space-time is homeomorphic to \(\mathbb{R}^2\times S^2\). In this ase one obtains a tractable non-flat metric. For this metric, the geodesic equations are completely solved, yielding motions of massive test particles. Then the corresponding wave mechanics is explored in the same curved background, obtaining a general class of exact solutions. Next, the authors obtain explicitly four conserved quantities. The scalar particles exhibit a discrete mass spectrum.