Semigroups with certain conditions on congruences. (Q1400876)

A commutative semigroup satisfies the maximal condition for congruences if and only if it is finitely generated [\textit{L. Budach}, Monatsber. Dt. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 6, 85-88 (1964; Zbl 0123.01802)]. In the paper under review this result is generalized to semigroups which satisfy the maximal condition both for left and for right congruences. Furthermore, it is shown that any left and right duo semigroup (i.e., \(aS\subseteq S^1a\) and \(Sa\subseteq aS^1\) for any \(a\in S\)), which satisfies the maximal condition for right congruences, is finitely generated. The general question posed by E. Hotzel, if any semigroup with maximal condition for right congruences is finitely generated, remains open. But there is a condition found in this paper: a semigroup which satisfies the maximal condition for right congruences and which is not finitely generated, is necessarily countable. At the end of the paper semigroups \(S\) are studied which have the property that for any \(a\in S\), \(S/\rho(a)\) is finite, where \(x\rho(a)y\) if and only if \(a^ix=a^jy\) for some \(i,j\) (\(\rho(a)\neq\text{id}(S))\). They do not satisfy, in general, the maximal condition for right congruences.