Factorization of the Heun's differential operator. (Q1408307)

The author studies the factorization over \(\mathbb{C}[z]\) of the differential operator \[ H\equiv P_{3}D^{2}+P_{2}D+P_{1}, \] where \[ D\equiv\frac{d}{dz}, P_{i}\in \mathbb{C}[z], \] and \(\text{deg\,}P_{i}=i\) (Heun's operator). The problem is completely investigated by simple methods. However, the author does not solve the problem of reducibility of Heun's operator over \(\mathbb{C}(z)\). For the algebraic point of view of that problem see \textit{J. Kovacic} [Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 34, 25--29 (1972; Zbl 0236.12106)].