A particle in a magnetic field of an infinite rectilinear current (Q1408673)

The author considers the Schrödinger operator in the space \(L_2(\mathbb{R}^3)\) of the form \[ H=-\partial^2_x-\partial^2_y+(i\partial_z-\gamma\log r)^2, \;\;\gamma=ec^{-1}\alpha, \] where \(| \alpha| \) is proportional to the current strength, \(e\) is the charge of a quantum particle of mass 1/2 and \(c\) is the speed of light. It is shown that the operator \(H\) is absolutely continuous, its spectrum has infinite multiplicity and coincides with the positive half-axis. The large time behavior of solutions \(\exp(-iHt)f\) of the time dependent Schrödinger equation is given. The main observation of the paper is that a positively (negatively) charged quantum particle always moves in the direction of the current (in the opposite direction) and is localized in the orthogonal plane. It is also shown that similar results are true in classical mechanics.