Characterizations of sunduals (Summary) (Q1412293)

Let \(T = \{T(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) be a \(C_0\)-semigroup of bounded linear operators on a real or complex Banach space \(X\). The adjoint semigroup \(T^* = \{T^*(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) is weak\(^*\)-continuous on \(X^*\), but not necessarily strongly continuous. The subspace \[ X^\odot = \left\{x^*\in X^*\colon \lim_{t\downarrow 0} \| T^*(t)x^*-x^*\| = 0\right\} \] is called the \(\odot\)-dual (``sun''-dual) of \(X\) with respect to \(T\). It is the largest closed subspace of \(X^*\) on which \(T^*\) acts in a strongly continuous way. The author discusses several characterizations of sunduals in this summary.