The elliptic \(K\)3 surfaces with a maximal singular fibre. (Q1415528)

Let \(X\) be a complex elliptic \(K3\) surface with a section. There is a well known formula for the Picard number of \(X\): \( \rho =r+2+\sum_t {(m_t } - 1)\), where \(r\) is the Mordell-Weil rank of \(X\) and \(m_{t}\) is the number of irreducible components of the fibre at \(t\), with \(t\) varying in the base \({P}^{1}\) of the elliptic fibration. Since for \(X\), it holds \(\rho \leq h^{1,1}(X)=20\), one gets the bound \(m_{t}\leq 19\). The maximal case \(m_{t}=19\) can occur only for singular fibres of type \(I_{19}\) or type \(I^{*}_{14}\) in the Kodaira original notation. Miranda and Persson proved the existence of type \(I_{19}\), while Nashiyama proved the existence of case \(I^{*}_{14}\). In the paper under review, the author gives explicit defining equations of surfaces of type \(I_{19}\) and type \(I^{*}_{14}\), proving uniqueness of such surfaces. Further he studies the reduction modulo \(p\) of such surfaces, with \(p=7\) in the case \(I^{*}_{14}\) and \(p=19\) in the case \(I_{19}\).