The universality of zeta-functions (Q1415883)

This first part of this paper is a survey on the universality of zeta-functions. The author begins by recounting the development of the concept of universality in analysis. While in most cases the universal objects were not explicitly given, \textit{S. M. Voronin} [Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 39, 475--486 (1975; Zbl 0315.10037)] proved that the Riemann zeta-function is universal in a certain sense. The last version of Voronin's theorem which was obtained by the author of this paper [Limit theorems for the Riemann zeta-function, Dordrecht: Kluwer (1996; Zbl 0845.11002)] is as follows. Let \(K\) be a compact subset of the right-half of the critical strip, and let \(f(s)\) be a continuous nonvanishing function on \(K\) which is analytic in the interior of \(K\). Then, \[ \liminf_{T\to\infty}{1\over T}\,\text{ meas}\, \{\tau\in [0,T]: \sup_{s\in K}| \zeta(s+i\tau)-f(s)| <\varepsilon \} >0 \] for every \(\varepsilon > 0\). The paper contains a survey of the generalizations to universality of various classes of zeta-functions having Euler product. Among these are the zeta-functions whose Dirichlet series have multiplicative coefficients, the Matsumoto zeta-function, and the zeta-functions associated with new forms. Next, the results for those zeta-functions without an Euler product are given. These concern the Hurwitz zeta-function along with its generalization the Lerch zeta-function, and the Estermann zeta-function. There is also a section on joint universality theorems which are for certain collections of zeta-functions approximating a collection of functions of the type \(f(s)\) mentioned above. The last section of this paper contains a proof of a new theorem on the universality of zeta-functions of finite Abelian groups of rank \(\leq 3\).