Bounds on leaves of one-dimensional foliations (Q1416096)

This paper deals with the so-called Poincaré problem which consists on bounding the degrees of the algebraic leaves of a foliation of the projective plane. Some recent and fundamental references are: \textit{D. Cerveau} and \textit{A. Lins Neto}, [Ann. Inst. Fourier 41, 883--904 (1991; Zbl 0734.34007)], \textit{M. M. Carnicer}, [Ann. Math. (2) 140, 289--294 (1994; Zbl 0821.32026)] and \textit{A. Lins Neto}, [Ann. Sci. Éc. Norm. Supér., IV. Sér. 35, 231--266 (2002; Zbl 1130.34301)]. The authors consider foliations of any variety over an algebraically closed field and they provide a formula that bounds the value \(2 \rho_a(C) -2 -\deg(L| C)\), \(C\) being a projective leaf of the foliation, \(L\) the corresponding invertible sheaf and \( \rho_a(C) \) the arithmetic genus. The bound is given by the difference of the colength in the dualizing sheaf of the subsheaf generated by the Kähler differentials and the degree of \(C\) in the singular locus of the foliation. The result improves another interesting one by \textit{A. Campillo, M. M. Carnicer} and \textit{J. García de la Fuente} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 62, 56--70 (2000; Zbl 1040.32027)]. Consequences of the formula in the projective space are analized, obtaining a generalization of another one given by \textit{A. A. du Plessis} and \textit{C. T. C. Wall} [Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 126, 259--266 (1999; Zbl 0926.14012)].