The toric Hilbert scheme of a rank two lattice is smooth and irreducible. (Q1417947)

Let \({\mathcal L} \subseteq {\mathbb Z}^n\) be a sublattice of dimension \(r.\) Let \(G = \mathbb Z^n/\mathcal L\) denote the factor group. Let \(S = k[x_1,\ldots,x_n]\) denote the polynomial ring in \(n\) variables over the field \(k.\) Then \(S\) becomes \(G\)-graded by setting \(\deg(x_i) = e_i + \mathcal L\) for all \(i = 1,\ldots, n,\) where \(e_i\) denotes the \(i\)-th unit vector in \(\mathbb Z^n.\) A homogeneous ideal \(I \subset S\) is called \(\mathcal L\)-graded, whenever the Hilbert function satisfies \(\dim_k ((S/I)_g) = 1\) for all \(g \in \mathbb N^n/\mathcal L.\) The toric Hilbert scheme of the lattice \(\mathcal L,\) denoted by \(H_{\mathcal L},\) is the multigraded scheme that parametrizes all \(\mathcal L\)-graded ideals in \(S.\) The authors prove the following theorem: Let \(\mathcal L\) be a two-dimensional lattice contained in \(\mathbb Z^n.\) Then the toric Hilbert scheme is smooth and irreducible. This result extends the following two cases: (1) \(\mathcal L = \ker_{\mathbb Z}(A),\) where \(A\) is an integer matrix of corank two, shown by \textit{V. Gasharov} and \textit{I. Peeva} [Compos. Math. 123, 225--241 (2000; Zbl 0987.14034)], resp. \textit{I. Peeva} and \textit{M. Stillman} [Duke Math. J. 111, 419--449 (2002; Zbl 1067.14005)]. (2) The \(G\)-Hibert scheme of an abelian subgroup of \(GL(2)\), see \textit{R. Kidoh} [Hokkaido Math. J. 30, 91--103 (2001; Zbl 1015.14004)]. This applies for a two-dimensional lattice \({\mathcal L} \subseteq {\mathbb Z}^2\) where \(G\) is a finite abelian group \(G \subseteq \text{GL}(2)\) and the description of Nakamura's \(G\)-Hilbert scheme.