Extremal Kähler \({\mathcal AC}\)-surfaces (Q1420753)

An \({\mathcal A}C^\perp\) manifold \((M,g)\) is Riemannian manifold whose Ricci tensor \(\rho\) satisfies \[ \nabla_X \rho(X,X)= \frac{2} {n+ 2} X_\tau g(X,X), \] where \(n\) is the dimension of \(M\) and \(\tau\) is the scalar curvature of \((M,g)\) [\textit{A. Gray}, Geom. Dedicata 7, 259--280 (1978; Zbl 0378.53018)]. In [\textit{W. Jelonek}, Differ. Geom. Appl. 16, No.~3, 267--276 (2002; Zbl 1037.53028)] the author showed that every Kähler surface has a harmonic anti-self-dual part \(W^-\) of the Weyl tensor \(W\) if and only if it is an \({ \mathcal A}C^\perp\)-manifold, and a necessary and sufficient condition for a Kähler manifold to be an \({\mathcal A}C^\perp\)-manifold was given. The structure of compact real analytic Kähler surfaces with an anharmonic anti-self-dual Weyl tensor is determined (theorem 1 of section 3 of this paper). As a continuation of this paper, existence of an extremal Kähler metric with non-constant scalar curvature and harmonic anti-self-dual Weyl tensor on the Hirzebruch surface \(F_1\) and non-existence of such metric on \(F_k\), \(k\geq 2\), are shown (section 3. theorem 2). The outline of the paper is as follows: In section 1 basic properties of Hermitian 4-manifolds are reviewed. Section 2 deals with the general construction of cohomogeneity one metrics on 4-manifolds \(M=(a,b)\times P\). Here \(p:P \to N\) is a circle bundle over a Riemannian surface of constant sectional curvature. In section 3, first the desired metric is shown to have the form \[ g_h= dt^2 +\frac{1} {k^2} (hh')^2\theta^2 +h^2p^*\frac {can} {4}, \] where can is the canonical metric on \(S^2\) of constant curvature 1 (Prop. 6). Here \(h\) needs to satisfy \[ \frac{d^2h}{dt^2}=\frac 12 P'(h),\quad P(h)=\frac {C}{8}h^4+Ah^{-4}+Bh^2+1, \] with some additional conditions. Showing existence of such \(h\) on \(F_1\) and non-existence such \(h\) on \(F_k\), \(k\geq 2\), theorem 2 is proved. The author remarks that theorem 2 was also found in [\textit{V. Apostolov}, \textit{D. M. J. Calderbank}, \textit{P. Gauduchon}, Compos. Math. 135, No.~3, 279--322 (2003; Zbl 1031.53045)].