Characterizations of Bochner-Krall orthogonal polynomials of Jacobi type (Q1423646)

Consider a linear differential equation of order \(N\geq 1\) of the form \[ \sum_{i=1}^N a_i(x) y^{(i)}(x)=\lambda y(x),\tag{1} \] where \(a_i(x)\) are real-analytic smooth functions on an interval, \(a_N\not\equiv 0\) and \(\lambda\) is a real parameter. The paper under review gives a characterization of solutions \(\{P_n(\lambda)\}^\infty_{n=0} \) of (1) that are orthogonal polynomial systems relative to a compact supported measure. In particular, one shows that \(\{P_n(\lambda)\}^\infty_{n=0} \) are generalized Jacobi polynomials in the sense of \textit{T. H.~Koornwinder} [Can. Math. Bull. 27, 205--214 (1984; Zbl 0507.33005)].