Classification of two-dimensional local conformal nets with \(c<1\) and 2-cohomology vanishing for tensor categories (Q1424232)

The subject of CQFT (Conformal Quantum Field Theory) is particularly interesting in two spacetime dimensions and has been intensively studied in the last two decades with motivations from Physics and Mathematics. Let us recall CQFT in the settings of algebraic (Haag-Araki-Kastler) QFT. Let \({\mathcal M}\) be the two-dimensional Minkowski spacetime, i.e., \({\mathbb R}^2\) equipped with the metric \(dt^2-dx^2\). Introducing the light ray coordinates \(\xi_\pm =t\pm x\), we have the decomposition \({\mathcal M}={\mathcal L}_+\times {\mathcal L}_-\), where \({\mathcal L}_\pm =\{\xi \,| \;\xi_\pm =0\}\) are the two light ray lines. Consider then the set \({\mathcal K}\) of double cones \({\mathcal O}=I_+\times I_-\) with \(I_\pm\subset {\mathcal L}_\pm\), and a local Möbius covariant net \({\mathcal A}\) on \({\mathcal M}\) which is a map \({\mathcal A}: {\mathcal O}\in {\mathcal K}\to {\mathcal A}({\mathcal O})\). Here \({\mathcal A}({\mathcal O})\) are von Neumann algebras on a fixed Hilbert space \({\mathcal H}\) satisfying some physically motivated axioms such as isotony, locality, Möbius covariance, existence of a vacuum vector and positivity of energy. Restricting \({\mathcal A}\) to \({\mathcal L}_\pm\), we obtain two local conformal nets \({\mathcal A}_\pm\) on \({\mathbb R}\) and on its compactification \(S^1\). We get thus a chiral net (i.e., a net that splits in the tensor product \({\mathcal A}_+(I_+)\otimes {\mathcal A}_-(I_-) \subset {\mathcal A}({\mathcal O}\)) of two one-dimensional nets). The 2-torus \(S^1\times S^1\) is a conformal completion of \({\mathcal M}={\mathcal L}_+\times {\mathcal L}_-\) (in the sense that \({\mathcal M}\) is conformally diffeomorphic to a dense open subregion of \(S^1\times S^1\)), and the local action of \(\text{PSL}(2,{\mathbb R})\times \text{PSL}(2,{\mathbb R})\) on \({\mathcal M}\) extends to a global conformal action on \(S^1\times S^1\). Since such infinite dimensional symmetry group puts rigid constraints on structure, the problem of classification of all models is considered as a major aim. Remember that the central charge \(c>0\) (an intrinsic quantum number associated with each model) splits in a discrete range \(c<1\) and a continuous one \(c\geq 1\). Along these lines, the paper under review classifies all two-dimensional local conformal nets with parity symmetry (i.e., \(c_+=c_- =:c\), where \(c_\pm\) denotes the central charge of \({\mathcal A}_\pm\)) and central charge \(c<1\). Among others, it is shown that the maximal ones are in a bijective correspondence with the pairs of A-D-E Dynkin diagrams. The main tools are the classification results for 1-dimensional nets due to Kawahigashi and Longo, and 2-cohomology vanishing for certain tensor categories related to the Virasoro tensor categories with central charge \(c<1\).