Singular perturbations of self-adjoint operators (Q1424737)

Let \(A_0\) be a self-adjoint operator in a Hilbert space \(\mathcal H\) and denote by \({\mathcal H}_s(A)\), \(s\in{\mathbb R}\), the scale of Hilbert spaces associated with \(A_0\). Singular finite rank perturbations of \(A_0\) are defined formally as \(A_{(\alpha)}=A_0+G\alpha G^*\), where \(G\) is an injective linear mapping from \(H={\mathbb C}^d\) to \({\mathcal H}_{-k}(A_0)\), \(k\in {\mathbb N}\), where \(\alpha\) is a self-adjoint operator in \(H\). The cases \(k=1\), \(k=2\) and the scalar case \(k=2n>1\) have been studied extensively by various authors. In this paper, singular finite rank perturbations \(A_{(\alpha)}\) in the general setting \(\text{ ran } G \subset {\mathcal H}_{-k}(A_0)\), \(k\in {\mathbb N}\), are studied in the framework of the operator model proposed by the authors in their previous paper [Methods Funct. Anal. Topol. 7, 1--21 (2001; Zbl 0989.47019)]. As an application, singular perturbations of the Dirac operator are considered.