On the Deligne--Simpson problem and its weak version. (Q1427638)

The author considers the Deligne-Simpson problem (DSP) (respectively the weak DSP): Give necessary and sufficient conditions upon the choice of the \(p+1\) conjugacy classes \(c_j\subset gl(n,\mathbb{C})\) or \(C_j\subset GL(n,\mathbb{C})\) so that there exist irreducible \((p+1)\)-tuples (respectively \((p+1)\)-tuples with trivial centralizers) of matrices \(A_j\subset c_j\) with zero sum or of matrices \(M_j\subset C_j\) whose product is \(I\). The matrices \(A_j\) (respectively \(M_j\)) are interpreted as matrices-residua of Fuchsian linear systems (respectively as monodromy matrices of regular linear systems) of differential equations with complex time. The author gives sufficient conditions for solvability of the DSP in the case when one of the matrices is with distinct eigenvalues.