A generalization of the Maillet determinant and the Demyanenko matrix (Q1429144)

Let \(m\) be an integer and a rational number. The least positive residue modulo \(m\) and the absolutely least residue modulo \(m\) of \(a\) is denoted by \(R_m(a)\) and \(R_m'(a)\), respectively. Assume that \(H\) is a subgroup of the multiplicative group \(G_m= (\mathbb{Z}/m\mathbb{Z})^*\) not containing the class with the representative \(-1\). In Theorem 1 the author shows that \[ \begin{aligned} \det&\Biggl(\sum_{c\in H}\biggl(| R_m'(ab^{-1}c)|- {m\over 4}\biggr)\Biggr)_{a,b\in S}\neq 0\\ \text{if and only if \(m\) is odd and} \det&\Biggl(\sum_{c\in H} \biggl(R_m'(ab^{-1} c)^2- {m^2\over 12}\biggr)\Biggr)_{a,b\in S}\neq 0. \end{aligned} \] Further it is assumed \(m= p\) an odd prime and for a rational number \(a\) the notation \[ C^{(3)}_p(a)= \begin{cases} 1 &\text{if }1\leq R_p(a)< p/3,\\ -1 &\text{if }{2p\over 3}< R_p(a)\leq p-1,\\ 0 &\text{if }p/3< R_p(a)< {2p\over 3},\end{cases} \] and \(\Delta^{(3)}_p= C^{(3)}_p(ab^{-1})\), \(1\leq a,b\leq{p-1\over 2}\) is used. In Theorem 2 a formula for \(\text{det\,}\Delta^{(3)}\) is presented using the first factor of the \(p\)th cyclotomic field \(h^-_p\) and the order of 3 modulo \(p\). Similarly theorem Theorem 3 is formulated. Note that \textit{T. Agoh} and \textit{L. Skula} [Acta Arith. 75, No. 3, 235--250 (1996; Zbl 0841.11012)] and \textit{L. Skula} [Tatra Mt. Math. Publ. 11, 147--158 (1997; Zbl 0978.11065)] obtained very similar results in connection with the Stickelberger ideal. At the conclusion the author considers the determinants of special matrices formed by means of the numbers \[ \widetilde B_{k,H}\Biggl({a\over m}\Biggr)= \sum_{c\in H}\widetilde B_k\Biggl({ac\over m}\Biggr), \] where \(\widetilde B_k(x)= B_k(\{x\})\) is the \(k\)th periodic Bernoulli polynomial. In the formulas of these determinants the Dirichlet characters and the generalized Bernoulli numbers \(B_{k,\chi}\) occur.