Generalized Wiman and Arima theorems for \(n\)-subharmonic functions on cones (Q1429300)

Let \((r,\theta)\) with \(r>0\), \(\theta\in S^{n-1}(1)\) be spherical coordinates in \(D:={\mathbb R}^n\setminus\{0\}\). Let \({\mathcal M}\) be the Riemannian manifold of the underlying set \(D\) with the length element \[ ds_{\mathcal M}^2 =\alpha^2dr^2+r^2dl_\theta^2, \] where \(dl_\theta\) denotes the length element on the unit sphere \(S^{n-1}(1)\) and \(\alpha >0\) is a constant. \({\mathcal M}\) is called a spherical cone. For a function \(f\) on \({\mathcal M}\), \[ \Delta_{n,{\mathcal M}}(f):=\text{div}_{\mathcal M} (| \nabla_{\mathcal M}f| ^{n-2}\nabla_{\mathcal M}f) \] defines the \(n\)-Laplacian of \(f\). A function \(f\) is called \(n\)-subharmonic, if \(\Delta_{n,{\mathcal M}}(f)\geq 0\). The order \(\rho\) of a function \(f\) on \({\mathcal M}\) is defined as \[ \rho =\sup\{s:\text{liminf}_{r\rightarrow\infty} \frac{M_f(r,D)}{r^s}>0\}, \] where \(M_f(r,U)=\sup_{| x| =r,x\in U}\max\{f(x),0\}\) for \(U\subseteq D\). Finally, the notion of fundamental frequency is crucial in the article. For an open subset \(U\) of the sphere \(S^{n-1}(r)=\{x\in{\mathbb R}^n:| x| =r\}\) with \(\partial U\neq\emptyset\) it is defined as \[ \lambda_n(U)=\inf\frac{(\int_U | \nabla_S\varphi| ^n) ^{1/n}}{(\int_U \varphi^n)^{1/n}}, \] where the infimum is taken over all Lipschitz functions \(\varphi\) on \(U\) such that \(\varphi | _{\partial U}=0\) (\(\nabla_S\varphi\) denotes the gradient in the spherical metric). The following two main theorems are proved, which generalize results of Wiman (1905) and Arima (1952) on entire holomorphic functions. Theorem 1: Let \(f\) be an \(n\)-subharmonic function on \({\mathcal M}\) with order \(\rho <\frac{\alpha}{n-1}\lambda_n(\dot{S}^{ n-1}(1))\), where \(\dot{S}^{n-1}(1)\) stands for the punctured sphere. If \[ \text{limsup}_{x\rightarrow 0}f(x)< \text{limsup}_{x\rightarrow\infty}f(x), \] then \[ \text{limsup}_{r\rightarrow\infty}\min_{x\in S^{n-1} (r)}f(x)=\infty . \] Theorem 2: Let \(f\) be an \(n\)-subharmonic function on \({\mathcal M}\) satisfying the same condition (on the behaviour at \(0\) and \(\infty\)) as above. If \(f\) has the order \(\rho\), then for an arbitrary \(s>\rho\) there is a sequence \((\Delta_k)_k\) of subdomains \(\Delta_k\subset S^{n-1}(r_k)\), \(r_k\rightarrow\infty\), such that \[ \lim_{k\rightarrow\infty}\min_{x\in\Delta_k}f(x)= \infty \] and for all \(k\), \[ \lambda_n(\Delta_k^*)\leq\frac{(n-1)s}{\alpha}, \] where \(\Delta_k^*\subset S^{n-1}(1)\) is the image of \(\Delta_k\) under the mapping \(x\mapsto\frac{x}{r_k}\). In the proof, generalized Lipschitz solutions of the inequality \(f\Delta_{n,{\mathcal M}}(f)\geq 0\) are employed and in a certain sense Hausdorff rectifiable sets are used. Also, a maximum principle, a Saint-Venant principle, and a Liouville type theorem are obtained for the class of functions just mentioned. The article concludes with an appendix summarizing all the results from geometric measure theory that are needed.