On the maximal unramified pro-2-extension of \(\mathbb Z_2\)-extensions of certain real quadratic fields. (Q1429805)

Let \(p\) be a prime number and let \(k_{\infty} = \cup_{n \geq 0} k_n\) be the cyclotomic \(\mathbb{Z}_p\)-extension of a totally real number field \(k\). A conjecture of \textit{R. Greenberg} [Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 30, 335--385 (2001; Zbl 0998.11054)] predicts that the maximal unramified abelian \(p\)-extension of \(k_{\infty}\) is a finite extension of \(k_{\infty}\). In this paper, the author explicitly constructs an infinite family of real quadratic fields \(k\), such that the maximal unramified \(2\)-extension \({\mathcal L}(k_{\infty})\) of \(k_{\infty}\) is a finite extension of \(k_{\infty}\). The Galois group of this finite extension is either the dihedral group or a generalized quaternion group. The quadratic field \(k\) is of the form \({\mathbb Q}(\sqrt {pqr})\), where \(p, q\) and \(r\) are three odd prime numbers such that \(p \equiv 3 \pmod 8\), \(q \equiv r \equiv 5 \pmod 8\) and \(p, q\) are squares modulo \(r\), but \(q\) is not a square modulo \(p\). Reviewer's remark: Lemma 1 of the paper could also be proven using Theorem 1 of [\textit{A. Azizi} and \textit{A. Mouhib}, Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 353, No. 7, 2741--2752 (2001; Zbl 0986.11073)] and using [\textit{H. Kisilevsky}, J. Number Theory 8, 271--279 (1976; Zbl 0334.12019)]. As regards Lemma~2, it is also a consequence of Lemma 5 of [\textit{A. Azizi} and \textit{A. Mouhib}, Acta Arith. 109, No. 1, 27--63 (2003; Zbl 1077.11078)].