When is a group action determined by its orbit structure? (Q1430508)

Let \(X\) and \(X'\) be topological spaces and \(\Gamma\) and \(\Gamma'\) groups. Two actions \((X,\Gamma)\) and \((X',\Gamma')\) are topologically orbit equivalent if there is a homeomorphism \(f\) from \(X\) to \(X'\) which maps the orbit relation for \(\Gamma\) to the orbit relation for \(\Gamma'\). The map is called a topological orbit equivalence. Moreover, the action is \(C^0\)OE rigid if any orbit equivalence from \((X,\Gamma)\) to \((X',\Gamma')\) is equivariant. The authors prove the following theorem. Let \(\Gamma\) be a countable group acting on a connected manifold \(X\). For every \(\gamma\in\Gamma\) assume that \(\text{Fix}(\gamma)\) is contained in a submanifold of codimension two. Then the \(\Gamma\) action on \(X\) is \(C^0\)OE rigid. This theorem is proved using a generalization of \textit{W. Sierpiński}'s result [Tôhoku Math. J. 13, 300-303 (1918; JFM 46.0299.03)] which says that a connected Hausdorff compact topological space is not the disjoint union of countable many closed sets. Some examples and applications are given.