Poles of Artin \(L\)-functions and the strong Artin conjecture (Q1431116)

Let \(\rho: \text{Gal}(\overline{\mathbb{Q}}/\mathbb{Q})\to \text{GL}_n(\mathbb{C})\) be an irreducible continuous representation. Langland modularity conjecture (the strong Artin conjecture) predicts that the Artin \(L\)-function \(L(s,\rho)\) associated to \(\rho\) is automorphic, i.e. equal to \(L(s,\pi)\) for some cuspidal automorphic representation \(\pi\) of \(\text{GL}_n(\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})\). Assume \(n= 2\). The author shows that if \(L(s,\rho)\) is not automorphic, then it has infinitely many poles. Main ingredients in the proof are: a technique developed by \textit{J. B. Convey} and \textit{A. Ghosh} [Invent. Math. 94, No. 2, 403--419 (1988; Zbl 0653.10038)] and the \(\text{GL}(2)\) converse theorem [\textit{A. Weil}, Math. Ann. 168, 149--156 (1967; Zbl 0158.08601)].