Fundamental groups of some ergodic equivalence relations of type II\(_{\infty}\) (Q1431468)

Let \(\Gamma\) be a countable discrete group and \((X,\mu )\) a standard free ergodic \(\Gamma\)-space with \(\sigma\)-finite invariant measure. Denote by \(R_{\Gamma }\) the \(\Gamma\)-orbital equivalence relations. Let \(\theta\) be an endomorphism of the equivalence relation \(R_{\Gamma }\) if \(\theta (R_{\Gamma }(x))=R_{\Gamma}(\theta (x))\) for a.e. \(x\in X\), where \(R_{\Gamma }(x)\) is the \(\Gamma\)-orbit of \(x\). Denote the automorphism group of \(R_{\Gamma}\) by \(Aut(R_{\Gamma })\). The fundamental group of the equivalence relation \(R_{\Gamma }\) is the following subgroup in \({\mathbb R}^{\star }_+ \): \(F(R_{\Gamma })=\{ \text{mod}\theta \mid \theta\in Aut(R_{\Gamma })\}\). Main results of the paper: 1. For some locally compact noncompact group \(G\) with a dense subgroup \(\Gamma \) in \(G\), consider the action of \(\Gamma\) on \(G\) by left translation and denote by \(R_{\Gamma }\) the corresponding equivalence relations. Then under some assumptions all the automorphisms of \(R_{\Gamma }\) preserve a Haar measure on \(G\). 2. Let \(H\) be a connected semisimple linear algebraic \(Q\)-group, \(p\) a prime in \({\mathbb N}, G=H({\mathbb Q}_p ), \Gamma =H({\mathbb Q})\). Then under some assumptions all the automorphisms of \(R_{\Gamma}\) preserve a Haar measure on \(G\). Examples are presented. There are open problems related to the fundamental group \(R_{\Gamma}\).