Spectrum of Darboux transformation of differential operator (Q1567129)

The second-order ordinary differential operator \(H=-\partial^2+u(x)\) with a meromorphic potential \(u\) defined in a complex domain is considered. It is assumed that the potential satisfies the higher-order stationary KdV equation. The purpose of the paper is to clarify how the spectrum changes by the Darboux transformation. The main result establishes algebraic criteria to describe eigenvalues which can be removed by the Darboux transformation. By applying the repeated Darboux removing algorithm at each multiple root of the \(\Lambda\)-spectral discriminant, the operator \(H\) is transformed into a reduced one with only the simple roots of the corresponding \(\Lambda\)-spectral discriminant. Some illustrative examples are included.