Positive perturbation of operator semigroups: Growth bounds, essential compactness, and asynchronous exponential growth (Q1576795)

Let \(B\) be the generator of a locally Lipschitz continuous integrated semigroup on an abstract \(L\) space \(X\) (i.e., a Banach lattice whose norm is additive on the positive cone). Let \(C:{\mathcal D}(B)\to X\) be an operator such that \(F(\lambda) := C(\lambda-B)^{-1}\) is positive for all large enough real \(\lambda\in\rho(B)\). In the paper under review, the author studies the growth bound and compactness properties of the \(C_0\)-semigroup \(\{S_0(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) generated by the part \(A_0\) of \(A:= B+C\) in the space \(X_0: = \overline{{\mathcal D}(B)}\). Assuming that the spectral radii of \(F(\lambda)\) satisfy \(r(F(\lambda))<1\) for all sufficiently large real \(\lambda\in\rho(B)\), it is shown that \(\{S_0(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) is uniformly exponentially stable if and only if the spectral bound of \(B\) is negative and \(r(F(0))<1\). Sufficient conditions for essential compactness and asynchronous exponential growth for \(\{S_0(t)\}_{t\geq 0}\) in terms of the operators \(F(\lambda)\) are given as well. The results are applied to age-structured models with spatial diffusion and age-size structured models are given.