Linear free vibration analysis of cross-ply laminated cylindrical helical springs (Q1577867)

Using the first-order shear deformation theory, the authors perform a linear free vibration analysis of symmetric cross-ply laminated cylindrical helical springs. Considering the rotary inertia and shear and axial deformation effects, governing equations of symmetric laminated helical springs made of linear, homogeneous, and orthotropic materials are presented in a straightforward manner based on the classical beam theory. The equations consist of twelve scalar ordinary differential equations, and are solved by transfer matrix method.