On ''partial'' fidelities (Q1580733)

Let \((\omega,\rho)\) be the pair of density operators on a Hilbert space \(H\) of dimension \(d\) with the spectrum \(\text{Spec}((\rho^{1/2} \omega\rho^{1/2})^{1/2})= \{\lambda_1\geq \lambda_2\geq\cdots\geq \lambda_d\}\). Let PAIRS be the set of all pairs \(\{A, B\}\) of positive Hermitian operators satisfying \(ABA= A\) and \(BAB= B\), and \(\text{PAIRS}_m\) the set of all pairs from PAIRS of rank \(m\). The author defines \(k\)-fidelity \(F_k(\omega, \rho):= \sum_{j> k}\lambda_j\) for \(0\leq k\leq d-1\), and gives the following representation showing the joint concavity as an extension of the one for the ordinary fidelity \(F_0(\omega, \rho)\): \[ F_k(\omega,\rho)= (1/2)\inf_{\{A,B\}}(\text{Tr }A\omega+ \text{Tr }B\rho),\quad \{A,B\}\in \text{PAIRS}_{d-k}. \] Next, let \(\Gamma\) be the multiplicative group of all invertible operators acting on \(H\), and \(X\)-transform \(\{\omega, \rho\}^X:= \{X\omega X^*, (X^{-1})^* \rho X^{-1}4\}\) for \(X\in\Gamma\). If \(\omega\) and \(\rho\) are invertible, the equivalent class of \(\{\omega, \rho\}\) given by \(F_k(\omega, \rho)= F_k(\omega', \rho')\) for \(k= 0,1,\dots, d-1\) consists exactly of all pairs \(\{\omega, \rho\}^X\), \(X\in \Gamma\). The equivalent classes are partially ordered in a natural way.