On a singular perturbation going out of the energy space (Q1583575)

Let \(\Omega\) be the domain \((0,\pi) \times(0,1)\) of the \(x= (x_1,x_2)\) plane, \(\Gamma_1\) be the part \(x_2=0\) of the boundary \(\Gamma\), and \(\Gamma_0\) the remainder of \(\Gamma\). Consider the real Hilbert space \(V=\{v= (v_1,v_2)\in H^1(\Omega) \times H^2(\Omega); v_1=v_2=\partial_nv_2=0 \text{ on }\Gamma_0\}\) and bilinear forms on \(V\): \[ \begin{aligned} a(u,v) & =\int_\Omega \bigl[( \partial_1u_1) (\partial_1v_1) +(\partial_2u_1-u_2) (\partial_2 v_1-v_2) \bigr] dx,\\ b(u,v) & =\int_\Omega \sum_{|j|\leq 2} (\partial_j u_2) (\partial_j v_2)dx. \end{aligned} \] Let \(f\) be a smooth function of \(x_1\), which defines the functional on \(V;v\in V\to\langle f,v\rangle =\int_{\Gamma_1} f(x_1) v_1 (x_1,0)dx_1\). Set \(b_\varepsilon=a +\varepsilon^2b\). The main part of the paper deals with the behavior of the solution \(u_\varepsilon\in V\) of the problem \(Q_\varepsilon:b_\varepsilon(u_\varepsilon,v)= \langle f,v\rangle\) \(\forall v\in V\), as \(\varepsilon\to 0\). Here, the energy of \(u_\varepsilon\) tends to infinity and the limit problem does not make sense. The author carries out a change of variables and functions. Then, \(Q_\varepsilon\) becomes a new problem \(P_\delta\) with \(\varepsilon= \delta^3\). The limit problem \(P_0\) of \(P_\delta\) can be defined and the convergence of the solution \(u_\delta\) of \(P_\delta\) to the solution \(u_0\) of \(P_0\) is proved. The last section of the paper is devoted to some comments on variants of \(Q_\varepsilon\).