On \(c\)-section and \(c\)-index of finite groups (Q1584041)

Let \(G\) be a finite group, and let \(M\) be a maximal subgroup of \(G\). If \(K/L\) is a chief factor of \(G\) such that \(L\leq M\) and \(G=MK\), the group \(M\cap K/L\) is called a \(c\)-section of \(M\). Any two \(c\)-sections of \(M\) in \(G\) are isomorphic (Lemma 1.1). Using the concept of \(c\)-sections, new characterizations of soluble and \(\pi\)-soluble groups are obtained. For example, a group \(G\) is \(\pi\)-soluble if and only if the \(c\)-sections of every non-nilpotent maximal subgroup of \(G\) are \(\pi'\)-groups (Theorem 2.8). Furthermore, a number of results by \textit{Y. Wang} [J. Algebra 180, No. 3, 954-965 (1996; Zbl 0847.20010)] and \textit{A. Ballester-Bolinches} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 64, No. 2, 113-118 (1990; Zbl 0699.20016)] on the normal index and \(c\)-normality is generalized.