A general rearrangement inequality à la Hardy-Littlewood (Q1585221)

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A general rearrangement inequality à la Hardy-Littlewood
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    A general rearrangement inequality à la Hardy-Littlewood (English)
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    16 January 2002
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    Let \(X\) stand for the n-dimensional Euclidean space, sphere or hyperbolic space, and let \(u_1,...,u_m\) be nonnegative bounded functions on \(X\) with compact support. Let \(F:[0, \infty)^m \rightarrow \mathbb R\) be continuous, with \(F(0) = 0\) and \(F\) Schur convex. The latter means that \(F\) satisfies the inequality \(F(x+se_i) + F(x+te_j) \leq F(x) + F(x+se_i + te_j)\) for every \(x\in [0, \infty)^m, \) every pair of positive numbers \(s\) and \(t,\) and every pair of distinct indices \(i, j\) between \(1\) and \(m.\) The main result proved in the paper is the inequality \[ \int_X F(u_1(x),...,u_m(x)) dx \leq \int_X F({u_1}^{*}(x),...,{u_m}^{*}(x)) dx, \] where \(*\) denotes symmetric decreasing rearrangement and \(dx\) the standard invariant measure on \(X.\) The special case \(X=\mathbb R, m=2, F(x_1, x_2) = x_1 x_2\) is due to Hardy and Littlewood. For \(m = 2\) and more general \(F,\) previous results of this type have been proved by F.Almgren-E. Lieb, by W. Beckner, and by the reviewer. For general \(m\) and \(F,\) G. Lorentz proved such an inequality in which \(X\) is a bounded interval in \(\mathbb R\) and \(*\) denotes decreasing rearrangement. The proof in the present paper, like those of Beckner and the reviewer, is based on the method of two-point rearrangements, also known as polarization. As an application, the author shows that a certain type of variational integral always has a symmetric decreasing minimizer.
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    rearrangement inequality
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    Schur convexity
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    Hardy-Littlewood inequality
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    symmetric decreasing rearrangement
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    polarization
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    variation integral
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