Calibrated embeddings in the special Lagrangian and coassociative cases (Q1586060)

A calibration on a Riemannian manifold \((M,g)\) is a closed \(p\)-form \(\varphi\) with the property that \(\varphi(e_1, \dots, e_p)=1\) for every orthonormal frame \((e_1, \dots, e_p)\). A \(p\)- dimensional submanifold \(i : N \subset M\) is said to be calibrated if \(i^*\varphi\) coincides with the induced unit volume form on \(N\). A closed oriented calibrated submanifold is homologically absolutely minimizing, i.e for any other closed oriented submanifold \(N'\) homologous to \(N\) there holds \(\text{Vol}(N) \leq \text{Vol}(N')\). In the paper under review, using special Lagrangian submanifolds of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold and coassociative submanifolds in a \(G_2\)-manifold, examples of compact calibrated submanifolds with nontrivial deformation spaces are constructed. In particular, the author proves that any closed oriented real analytic Riemannian 3-manifold can be isometrically embedded as a special Lagrangian submanifold of some Calabi-Yau 3-fold, and that any closed oriented real analytic Riemannian 4-manifold whose bundle of self-dual 2-forms is trivial can be isometrically embedded as a coassociative submanifold of a \(G_2\)-manifold.