Trigonal modular curves \(X_0^*(N)\) (Q1587884)

Let \(X_0(N)\) denote the modular curve corresponding to the congruence subgroup \(\Gamma_0(N)\). For each positive divisor \(d\) of \(N\) such that \(d\) and \(N/d\) are relatively prime, let \(X_0^{+d}(N)\) denote the quotient of \(X_0(N)\) by the Atkin-Lehner involution \(W_d\) corresponding to \(d\). In previous work [Acta Arith. 88, 129-140 (1999; Zbl 0947.11018), Proc. Japan Acad., Ser. A 75, 172-175 (1999; Zbl 0963.11031)], the authors determined when \(X_0(N)\) or \(X_0^{+d}(N)\) are trigonal curves. Many of these results were also obtained independently by \textit{Matthew H. Baker} in his dissertation [``Torsion points on modular curves'', University of California, Berkeley (1999), see also Invent. Math. 140, 487-509 (2000; Zbl 0972.11057)]. In the present article, the authors use methods from their earlier work to determine the values of \(N\) when the curve \(X^*(N)\) is trigonal, where \(X^*(N)\) denotes the quotient of \(X_0(N)\) by the group of all Atkin-Lehnner involutions corresponding to divisors of \(N\) as above.