Algebraicity of local holomorphisms between real-algebraic submanifolds of complex spaces (Q1588924)

A real (complex) submanifold \(M\subset\mathbb{C}^n\) is real-algebraic (complex-algebraic), if it is contained in a real-algebraic (complex-algebraic) subset of the same dimension. A local holomorphism between real submanifolds \(M \subset\mathbb{C}^n\) and \(M'\subset\mathbb{C}^n\) means a holomorphic map \(f\) from a domain \(U\subset\mathbb{C}^n\) with \(U\cap M\neq\emptyset\) into \(\mathbb{C}^{n'}\) with \(f(M\cup U) \subset M'\). If in addition \(f^{-1}\) exists and is a local holomorphism between \(M'\) and \(M\), \(f\) is called a local biholomorphism. The author studies the following question: When is a local holomorphism between real-algebraic submanifolds complex-algebraic? Poincaré was one of the first who studied algebraicity properties of local biholomorphisms between hypersurfaces. He proved that a local biholomorphism between open pieces of 3-spheres in \(\mathbb{C}^2\) is a rational map. This result was extended by \textit{N. Tanaka} [J. Math. Soc. Japan, 14, 397-429 (1962; Zbl 0113.06303)] to higher-dimensional spheres. An important step in understanding this phenomenon was done by \textit{S. M. Webster} [Invent. Math. 43, 53-68 (1997; Zbl 0348.32005)] who proved the algebraicity of local biholomorphisms \(f\) between Levi-nondegenerate algebraic hypersurfaces \(M\) and \(M'\). Optimal, conditions on \(M\) and \(M'\) for the algebraicity of local biholomorphisms were found recently by \textit{M. S. Baouendi} and \textit{L. P. Rothschild} [Math. Sci. Res. Inst. Publ. 37, 1--24 (1999; Zbl 0965.32032)] in the case when \(M\) and \(M'\) are hypersurfaces, and later extended by \textit{L. P. Baouendi}, \textit{P. Ebenfelt} and \textit{L. P. Rothschild} [Acta Math. 177, 225--273 (1996; Zbl 0890.32005)] to the case when \(M\) and \(M'\) are submanifolds of higher codimensions. The question, when the so-called normal component of a local biholomorphism \(f\) (rather than \(f\) itself) is algebraic, was recently answered by \textit{N. Mir} [Inst. Fourier 48, 1025--1043 (1998; Zbl 0914.32009)] in the case when \(M\) and \(M'\) are hypersurfaces. Similarly boundary extensions of proper holomorphic maps lead to the study of local holomorphisms between hypersurfaces of different dimensions. An important step here was done by \textit{X. J. Huang} [Ann. Inst. Fourier 44, 433--463 (1994; Zbl 0803.32011)] who proved the algebraicity of holomorphisms between strongly pseudoconvex hypersurfaces. A generalization in another direction was obtained by \textit{R. Sharipov} and \textit{A. Sukhov} [Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 348, 767-7-80 (1996; Zbl 0851.32017)] for different dimensions under certain conditions on the Levi forms. The author proves a theorem that unifies the algebraicity results of Webster, Huang, Sharipov-Sukhov and Baouendi-Ebenfelt-Rothschild. This theorem covers also the maps between non-pseudoconvex Levi-nondegenerate hypersurfaces of different dimensions. For related results, see also \textit{B. Couplet}, \textit{F. Meylan} and \textit{A. Sukhov} [Int. Math. Res. Not. 1999, No. 1, 1-29 (1999; Zbl 0926.32044)] and \textit{J. Merker} [Ann. Fac. Sci. Toulouse, Math. (6) 9, 689-721 (2000; Zbl 0998.32020)].