Quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation over a nonabelian base (Q1598135)

In the present paper the author considers dynamical \(r\)-matrices, i.e. smooth functions \(r : {\mathfrak h}^* \to {\mathfrak g}\otimes {\mathfrak g}\), where \({\mathfrak g}\) is a Lie algebra over \(\mathbb R\) and \({\mathfrak h}\subseteq {\mathfrak g}\) is a Lie subalgebra, satisfying (i) \(r\) is \(H\)-equivariant, (ii) \(r_{12} + r_{21}\) is a Casimir element and (iii) \(\text{Alt}(dr) = [r_{12},r_{13}] +[r_{12},r_{23}] + [r_{13},r_{23}]\), which is called the classical dynamical Yang-Baxter equation, and poses the general question how the quantum counterpart of such an equation -- a so-called quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation -- should look like. Such equations whose classical limit is the classical dynamical Yang-Baxter equation naturally arose in the study of quantum Liouville theory [\textit{J.-L. Gervais} and \textit{A. Neveu}, Novel triangle relation and absence of tachyons in Liouville string field theory, Nucl. Phys. B 238, 125--141 (1984)] and in the context of the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard equation [\textit{G. Felder}, Proc. ICM Zürich Vol. II., Birkhäuser, Basel, 1247--1255 (1995; Zbl 0852.17014)]. In contrast to the quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation in \textit{G. Felder} [loc. cit.] its classical counterpart of above also makes sense in case \({\mathfrak h}\) is nonabelian. In order to construct examples of an analogue of the quantum dynamical Yang-Baxter equation for a nonabelian base \({\mathfrak h}\) the author restricts to the consideration of triangular dynamical \(r\)-matrices, i.e. he additionally assumes that \(r_{12}+r_{21}=0\). As a first important result it is shown that such \(r\)-matrices naturally correspond to certain Poisson structures on \({\mathfrak h}^*\times G\). For such Poisson structures the notion of a compatible star product \(\star\) on \({\mathfrak h}^*\times G\) is introduced specifying the shape of the star product for functions \(f\in C^\infty({\mathfrak h}^*)\) and \(g\in C^\infty(G)\). Particularly, for \(f,g\in C^\infty(G)\) it is demanded that \(f\star g = {\widehat F} (f,g)\), where \(F: {\mathfrak h}^*\to {\mathcal U}({\mathfrak g})^{\otimes 2}[[\hbar]]\) is a smooth function and \({\widehat F}\) denotes the corresponding bidifferential operator on \(C^\infty ({\mathfrak h}^*\times G)\) that is obtained by replacing elements of \({\mathcal U}({\mathfrak g})\) by the symmetrized Lie derivative with respect to the corresponding left invariant vector fields on \(G\). Moreover, it turns out that the defining relations of a compatible star product completely determine the expression of the star product of arbitrary functions on \({\mathfrak h}^*\times G\). A concrete formula for \(\star\) is given. From the associativity of a compatible star product the author succeeds in extracting a generalization of the Gervais-Neveu-Felder equation which reads \(R_{12}(\lambda) * R_{13}(\lambda + \hbar h^{(2)})* R_{23}(\lambda)= R_{23}(\lambda + \hbar h^{(1)})* R_{13}(\lambda) * R_{12}(\lambda + \hbar h^{(3)})\), where \(R \in C^\infty({\mathfrak h}^*) \otimes {\mathcal U}({\mathfrak g})^{\otimes 2}[[\hbar]]\) is given in terms of the above mapping \(F\) (that essentially determines \(\star\)) by \(R(\lambda) = F_{21}(\lambda)^{-1} * F_{12}(\lambda)\) and \(*\) denotes the natural multiplication on \(C^\infty({\mathfrak h}^*) \otimes {\mathcal U}({\mathfrak g})^{\otimes n}[[\hbar]]\) using the Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt star product on \(C^\infty({\mathfrak h}^*)[[\hbar]]\) [cf. \textit{S. Gutt}, Lett. Math. Phys. 7, 249--258 (1983; Zbl 0522.58019)].