On two-orthogonal polynomials related to the Bateman's \(J_n^{u,v}\)-function (Q1601155)

The authors study the polynomials \(\{B_n^{\alpha,\beta}(x)\}_{n\geq 0}\) given by \[ B_n^{\alpha,\beta}(x)={}_1F_2(-n;\alpha+1,\beta+1;x),\quad\alpha,\beta\neq -1,-2,-3,\ldots. \] It is shown that these polynomials form a family of classical \(2\)-orthogonal polynomials, which means that the derivative sequence \(\{\frac{d}{dx}B_{n+1}^{\alpha,\beta}(x)\}_{n\geq 0}\) is \(2\)-orthogonal as well. The orthogonality (of Laguerre type) is on the interval \((0,\infty)\) with respect to a pair of weight functions \(\mathcal{W}_{\alpha,\beta}(x)\) and \((x\mathcal{W}_{\alpha,\beta}(x))'\), where \[ \mathcal{W}_{\alpha,\beta}(x)=\frac{1}{\Gamma(\alpha+1)\Gamma(\beta+1)} x^{(\alpha+\beta)/2}K_{\alpha-\beta}(2\sqrt{x}) \] with \(K_{\nu}(x)\) the Macdonald function or modified Bessel function of the second kind (in the paper called 'modified Bessel function of the third kind'). Several properties of the polynomials \(\{B_n^{\alpha,\beta}(x)\}_{n\geq 0}\) are derived, such as a recurrence relation, a third-order differential equation, the generating function \[ e^t{}_0F_2(-;\alpha+1,\beta+1;-xt)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}B_n^{\alpha,\beta}(x)\frac{t^n}{n!}, \] and the inversion formula \[ x^n=(\alpha+1)_n(\beta+1)_n\sum_{k=0}^n(-1)^k\binom{n}{k}B_k^{\alpha,\beta }(x). \] Finally, it is shown that there exists a relation between these \(2\)-orthogonal polynomials of Laguerre type and a certain family of \(2\)-orthogonal polynomials of Hermite type.