Approach to equilibrium for a forced Burgers equation (Q1602289)

The paper deals with large time asymptotics of the forced Burgers equation \[ {{\partial u_i}\over {\partial t}} +\sum_{j=1}^\nu u_j {{\partial u_j}\over {\partial x_i}} = {{1}\over {2}} \Delta u_i + {{\partial V(x)}\over {\partial x_i}},\quad t\geq 0,\;x\in {\mathbb R}^\nu,\;i=1,\ldots,\nu \] with \(u\) real-valued. The initial data \(u_j(x,t=0)=u_j^{(0)}(x)\) satisfy \[ {{\partial u_i^{(0)}}\over {\partial x_j}} = {{\partial u_j^{(0)}}\over {\partial x_i}}\qquad \text{ and}\qquad \int_0^x \vec{u}^{(0)}(y)\cdot dy \in L^\infty. \] The authors show that the approach to equilibrium for the above equation is implied by a decay estimate on a suitable intrinsic semigroup estimate. This estimate is verified in a variety of cases including a periodic force.