Solution decompositions for linear convection-diffusion problems (Q1607610)

This paper is motivated by the construction of robust methods to compute a solution to the singular perturbation problem \[ -\varepsilon u''-a(x)u'+b(x)u=f(x), \quad u(0)=\gamma_0,\;u(1)=\gamma_1, \] where \(\varepsilon>0\) is small, \(a(x)\geq\alpha >0\) and \(b(x)\geq 0\). To this end, the author decomposes the solution into \(u=v+w\) so that \(v\) is a regular part that satisfies \[ -\varepsilon v''-a(x)v'+b(x)v=f(x), \quad (-av'+bv)(0)=f(0),\;v(1)=\gamma_1, \] and \(w\) is a boundary layer such that \[ -\varepsilon w''-a(x)w'+b(x)w=0, \quad w(0)=\gamma_0-v(0),\;w(1)=0. \] Using the comparison principle, an appropriate Green function and assuming \(a\), \(b\) and \(f\in {\mathcal C}^k\), with \(k=1\) or \(2\), he proves then estimates such as \[ \textstyle |v^{(i)}(x)|\leq C(1+\varepsilon^{k+1-i}), \;|w^{(i)}(x)|\leq C\varepsilon^{-i}\exp (-\frac{\alpha x}{\varepsilon}), \quad i=0,1,\ldots,k+2. \]