On the proper form of the amplitude modulation equations for resonant systems (Q1610726)

The complex amplitude modulation equations (AME) of a discrete dynamical system are derived under general conditions of simultaneous internal and external resonances. The AME read: \[ A_m'={\mathcal L}_m\Biggl(A_m(A_n\overline A_n)^k,\dots, \prod_{n\in\mathbb{N}^\pm} A_n^{l_{smn}} e^{\mp i\sigma_st},\dots\Biggr),\quad m= 1,2,\dots, N, \] in which the exponents \(l_{smn}\), are (generally not unique) solutions of the equations \[ l_{smn}- l_{sm,-n}= k_{smn},\;\sum_{n\in\mathbb{N}^\pm} l_{smn}= K,\;l_{smn}\in\mathbb{N},\;K\in [K_s, K_{\max}]. \] The prime denotes differentiation with respect to the reconstituted true time \(t\), and \({\mathcal L}_m\) is a complex linear operator with constant coefficients. The so-called Cartesian rotating form is introduced which makes it possible to evaluate periodic solutions and analyze their stability, even if they are incomplete. A mixed polar-Cartesian form is presented; it is proved that the mixed form leads to standard form equations with the same dimension as the polar form. Finally, some illustrative examples are presented.