Représentations galoisiennes et opérateurs de Bessel \(p\)-adiques. (Galois representations and \(p\)-adic Bessel operators) (Q1613961)

Let \(K\) be a finite extension of the \(p\)-adic field \(\mathbb Q_p\). Then the ``Robba ring at infinity'' \(\mathcal R\) for \(K\) in \(x\) is the ring of (bi-infinite) power series \(\sum a_nx^n\), \(a_n \in K\), which converge in an open \(p\)-adic annulus with inner limit \(1\), and \(\mathcal E \subset \mathcal R\) is the subring (actually Henselian field) of series with bounded coefficients. The finite unramified extensions \(\mathcal E^\prime\) of \(\mathcal E\) are of similar form, based on a finite unramified extension \(K^\prime \supset K\) and power series over \(K^\prime\) in \(y\), where \(y\) is algebraic over \(\mathcal E\) and transcendental over \(K^\prime\). The corresponding Robba ring \(\mathcal R^\prime\) is isomorphic to \(\mathcal R \otimes_{\mathcal E} \mathcal E^\prime\). Define a derivation \(D\) on \(\mathcal R\) by \(D=x\frac{d}{dx}\). The author calls a differential \(\mathcal R\) module \(M\) quasi-unipotent if for some finite unramified extension \(\mathcal E^\prime \supseteq \mathcal E\), \(M \otimes_{\mathcal R} \mathcal R^\prime\) is an iterated extension of trivial differential modules. A Frobenius map \(\phi: \mathcal R \to \mathcal R\) is a continuous ring homomorphism lifting the usual Frobenius on the residue field \(\mathbb F_q((x^{-1}))\) of \(\mathcal E\). A Frobenius structure on a differential \(\mathcal R\) module \(M\) is a differential isomorphism of \(M\) with \(M\) base changed by \(\phi\). The author considers \(p\)-adic Bessel operators (these have a \(p\)-adic index, but the author shows that the corresponding differential modules do not depend on it, up to isomorphism). He shows that this differential module has a Frobenius structure, is quasi-unipotent, and he explicitly determines the field \(K^\prime\) when \(K\) is an unramified quadratic extension of \(\mathbb Q_2\).