Möbius disjointness for homogeneous dynamics (Q1626581)

M\(\ddot{o}\)bius function is one of the most important functions in analytic number theory. \textit{P. Sarnak} [``Möbius randomness and dynamics'', Not. S. Afr. Math. Soc. 43, 89--97 (2012)] has formulated a quantitative description of Möbius randomness that seeks to measure correlations of \(\mu(n)\) with simpler functions. Sarnak's conjecture has been verified for certain rank \(-1\) transformations, Kronecker systems and rotations on nilmanifolds and horocycle flows on surfaces of constant negative curvature by various authors. In this article, the full generality of Ratner's theorems have been used to prove Sarnak's Möbius disjointness conjecture for all unipotent translations on homogeneous spaces of real connected Lie groups. The main result in this paper is: Let \(G\) be a real connected Lie group, let \(\Gamma \subset G\) be a lattice, and let \(u \in G \) be an Ad-unipotent element. Then for every \(x \in \Gamma \setminus G\) and every continuous function \(f\) on \( \Gamma \setminus G\) that is continuous on the 1-point compactification if this space is not compact, we have \[ \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=1}^{N-1}\mu(n)f(xu^{n})\rightarrow 0 \text{~ as~} N\rightarrow\infty.\] The continuity of \(f\) on the 1-point compactification of \(\Gamma \smallsetminus G\) extends the statement of Sarnak's conjecture to the noncompact setting as in the paper of [\textit{J. Bourgain} et al., Dev. Math. 28, 67--83 (2013; Zbl 1336.37030)]. While only the result for real connected Lie groups has been proved, the statement and method of proof should be roughly similar for the case of p-adic Lie groups and their products, as Ratner rigidity continues to hold in this context [\textit{M. Ratner}, Duke Math. J. 77, No. 2, 275--382 (1995; Zbl 0914.22016)].