Solutions modulo \(p\) of Gauss-Manin differential equations for multidimensional hypergeometric integrals and associated Bethe ansatz (Q1649034)

Summary: We consider the Gauss-Manin differential equations for hypergeometric integrals associated with a family of weighted arrangements of hyperplanes moving parallel to themselves. We reduce these equations modulo a prime integer \(p\) and construct polynomial solutions of the new differential equations as \(p\)-analogs of the initial hypergeometric integrals. In some cases, we interpret the \(p\)-analogs of the hypergeometric integrals as sums over points of hypersurfaces defined over the finite field \(\mathbb F_p\). This interpretation is similar to the classical interpretation by Yu. I. Manin of the number of points on an elliptic curve depending on a parameter as a solution of a Gauss hypergeometric differential equation. We discuss the associated Bethe ansatz.